Highlights
- •Ralph Waters was an instrumental part of Virginia Apgar's success through his mentorship.
- •Apgar was successful despite barriers such as the great depression, World War II, and the novelty of being a woman in medicine.
- •Mentor and mentee bridged the gap in geography through regular correspondence, meetings, and exchange of trainees.
Abstract
Keywords
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Subscribe to Journal of Anesthesia HistoryReferences
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Letter from Emery Rovenstine to Ralph Waters, March 26, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Emery Rovenstine to Ralph Waters, April 8, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, April 20, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, April 21, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, April 27, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, October 29, 1936. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, July 26, 1937. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, October 4, 1938. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
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Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, Feb 9, 1943. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, October 4, 1938. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, October 27, 1940. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, October 23, 1943. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, October 15, 1948. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, February 20, 1938. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
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Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, October 27, 1941. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, October 28, 1941. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, September 15, 1942. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, September 18, 1942. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
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Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, December 18, 1940. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, January 10, 1946. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, January 22, 1946. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, January 6, 1939. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, November 8, 1944. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, April 1946. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
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Letter from Virginia Apgar to Ralph Waters, June 27, 1947. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
Letter from Ralph Waters to Virginia Apgar, Not dated. Collected Papers of RM Waters, M.D., University of Wisconsin Archives, Madison, WI.
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Footnotes
Prior presentations: None.
Declarations of interest: None.
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.